始于2009年2月22日 PM
版本号:Debian-LAMP-V2.0-20090922, 2009年2月22日首版 2009年9月22日加入https功能
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本文中难免有不足、遗漏、错别字和句子不通之处,如发现、或者有更新改变之处,请与我联系以及时修正和完善!
系统环境 : Debian GNU/Linux 5.03
使用说明:
绿色加粗字体的绝大部分是输入的命令和系统输出显示的结果。
LAMP即由Linux+Apache+Mysql+PHP组成的一个WEB开发平台,以Linux为 OS,我们这里选择Debian 5.0
因环境需要,我只安装Debian GNU/Linux
5.0的最基本的系统,因此在装完Debian后,为了安装apache,mysql,php以及使用的一些工具等就安装了以下所需要软件:
#apt-get install vim elinks gcc g++ make libncurses5-dev libpng12-dev
libjpeg62-dev zlib1g-dev libxml2-dev libssl-dev openssl
上述所安装的软件介绍:
vim : vim编辑器完整版
elinks : linux shell下的纯文本浏览器,类似IE、FireFox,命令格式 : elinks [URL]
gcc g++ make : 编译源代码时使用
libncurses5-dev : 安装mysql时需要的一个lib
libpng12-dev libjpeg62-dev zlib1g-dev libxml2-dev : php扩展的一些lib
libssl-dev : apache ssl扩展的lib
1,安装apache
到官方网站下载apache : www.apache.org
http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
apache版本:httpd-2.2.11
server:/#cd /usr/local/src
server:/usr/local/src/# wget
http://apache.freelamp.com/httpd/httpd-2.2.11.tar.gz
server:/usr/local/src/# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.11.tar.gz
配置apaceh,根据需要将相关文件安装到相关的目录中去。依个人需要而定,请了解以下各参数的作用后再进行下一步:
server:/usr/local/src/lamp/httpd-2.2.11#./configure
–prefix=/usr/local/apache2 –enable-so –enable-ssl –enable-rewrite
–with-mpm=worker –enable-dav –enable-maintainer-mode –enable-cgi
server:/usr/local/src/lamp/httpd-2.2.11#make & make install
server:/usr/local/src/lamp/httpd-2.2.11#cp
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/apache2
编辑http.conf文件进行相关文件的配置:
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
根据你自已的需求更改相关参数:
比如:
DocumentRoot “/home/www/html” #这个目录你先需先创建,否则下面在启动apache过程中会出错.
<Directory “/home/www/html”>
User www
Group www
等…
启动apache:
#/etc/init.d/apache2 start
访问测试 :
打开你的IE、FireFox或Elink: http://youserveripaddress/
若有问题,请检查你的安装步骤以及配置文件。
配置https:
首先使用openssl为apache制作ssl证书:
步骤1:生成密钥
命令:
#openssl genrsa 1024 > server.key
说明:这是用128位rsa算法生成密钥,得到server.key文件
步骤2: 生成证书请求
命令:
#openssl req -new -key server.key > server.csr
说明:这是用步骤1的密钥生成证书请求文件server.csr, 这一步提很多问题,根据你的资料一一输入:
得注意一项:Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:*.ptubuntu.com
这个要跟你的域名后缀相附,否则在客户端请求证书时会提示“服务器名称与证书名称匹配”。
步骤3: 生成证书请求
命令:
#openssl req -x509 -days 365 -key server.key -in server.csr > server.crt
说明:这是用步骤1,2的的密钥和证书请求生成证书server.crt,-days参数指明证书有效期,单位为天。
把得到的server.key和server.crt文件拷贝到apache的对应目录:
#mkdir /usr/local/apache2/conf/servercertificate
#cp server.key /usr/local/apache2/conf/servercertificate
#cp server.csr /usr/local/apache2/conf/servercertificate
#cp server.crt /usr/local/apache2/conf/servercertificate
编辑apache配置文件,启用https[ssl]扩展功能:
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
找到:
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
把注释去除:
Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
然后编辑ssl配置文件:
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
根据自已情况更改以下内容:
1,用ssl启动的虚拟主机:
<VirtualHost _default_:443>
# General setup for the virtual host
DocumentRoot “/home/www/html”
ServerName youdoman.name.org:443
ServerAdmin ruijin@itcht.com
ErrorLog “/usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log”
TransferLog “/usr/local/apache2/logs/access_log”
2,指定证书的相关文件:
# Server Certificate:
# Point SSLCertificateFile at a PEM encoded certificate. If
# the certificate is encrypted, then you will be prompted for a
# pass phrase. Note that a kill -HUP will prompt again. Keep
# in mind that if you have both an RSA and a DSA certificate you
# can configure both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA
# ciphers, etc.)
#SSLCertificateFile “/usr/local/apache2/conf/server.crt”
SSLCertificateFile “/usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/certificate/server.crt”
#SSLCertificateFile “/usr/local/apache2/conf/server-dsa.crt”
# Server Private Key:
# If the key is not combined with the certificate, use this
# directive to point at the key file. Keep in mind that if
# you’ve both a RSA and a DSA private key you can configure
# both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA ciphers, etc.)
#SSLCertificateKeyFile “/usr/local/apache2/conf/server.key”
SSLCertificateKeyFile “/usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/certificate/server.key”
#SSLCertificateKeyFile “/usr/local/apache2/conf/server-dsa.key”
重启apahce:
#/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
在浏览器输入:
https://youdoman.name.org/
就会看到相关信息。
2,安装mysql
到mysql官方下载: www.mysql.com
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.0.html
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.0.html#source
mysql版本:mysql-5.0.77
server:/#cd /usr/local/src
server:/usr/local/src/#wget
http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.0/mysql-5.0.77.tar.gz/from/http://mirrors.24-7-solutions.net/pub/mysql/
server:/usr/local/src# tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.77.tar.gz
server:/usr/local/src# cd mysql-5.0.77
请看INSTALL-SOURCE文件,它会教你如何一步一步安装Mysql
server:/usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.77#vi INSTALL-SOURCE
增加运行mysql的用户mysql和组mysql:
server:/usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.77#groupadd mysql
server:/usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.77#useradd -g mysql mysql
配置mysql:根据需要将相关文件安装到相关的目录中去。依个人需要而定,请了解以下各参数的作用后再进行下一步:
server:/usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.77#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql –enable-thread-safe-client
server:/usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.77#make & make install
server:/usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.77#cp support-files/my-medium.cnf
/home/service/mysql/config/etc/my.cnf
server:/usr/local/src/mysql-5.0.77#cd /usr/local/mysql
server:/usr/local/mysql#chown -R mysql .
server:/usr/local/mysql#chgrp -R mysql .
server:/usr/local/mysql#./bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
server:/usr/local/mysql#chown -R root .
server:/usr/local/mysql#chown -R mysql var
server:/usr/local/mysql#./bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
server:/usr/local/mysql#./bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &
server:/usr/local/mysql#cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
启动mysql:
server:/usr/local/mysql#/etc/init/mysqld start
查看mysql是否启动成功:
server:/usr/local/mysql#netstat -tnlp | grep mysql
如果有看到这一行:
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 1328/mysqld
恭喜你,这说明mysql启动成功.
出现上面这个说明你成功安装上了.
server:/usr/local/mysql#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
A、添加root密码
server:/usr/local/mysql#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password “your password”
your password为你设置访问mysql的密码
B、配置库文件搜索路径及环境变量
server:/usr/local/mysql#echo “/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql” >> /etc/ld.so.conf
server:/usr/local/mysql#ldconfig -v
server:/usr/local/mysql#export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
C、再访问mysql测试,
server:/usr/local/mysql#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root 输入刚才设置mysql的root的密码就可以进入了。
使用:
server:/usr/local/mysql# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p 可以访问mysql
3,安装PHP
到php官方网站下载 : www.php.net
http://cn.php.net/get/php-5.2.8.tar.gz/from/a/mirror
server:/#cd /usr/local/src
server:/usr/local/src#wget
http://cn.php.net/get/php-5.2.8.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
server:/usr/local/src#cd php-5.2.8
请先看INSTALL文件,它将协助你如何安装PHP
server:/usr/local/src/#vi INSTALL
server:/usr/local/src#cd php-5.2.8
配置php,将php与mysql以及apache关联,根据需要将相关文件安装到相关的目录中去。依个人需要而定,请了解以下各参数的作用后再进行下一 步:
server:/usr/local/src/php-5.2.8#./configure
–with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs
–with-gd –with-zlib –with-gettext –with-zlib-dir –with-jpeg-dir
–enable-mbstring –with-iconv-dir –with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
–prefix=/usr/local/php
server:/usr/local/src/php-5.2.8#make & make install
server:/usr/local/src/php-5.2.8#cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
编辑apache的配置文件,并加入php相关参数:
server:/usr/local/src/php-5.2.8# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
在: AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
下面增加:
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
以及在:
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
加入index.php,以便让php的程序成为默认运行的程序:
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>
重启apache,以便让apache载入php模块:
server:/usr/local/src/php-5.2.8# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
测试php是否安装成功,是否跟mysql连接成功:
在 DocumentRoot,我们这里是:/home/www/html下,编辑phpinfo程序,即phpinfo.php,内容为:
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
打开你的IE、FireFox或Elink: http://youserveripaddress/phpinfo.php
如果你看到完整的phpinfo信息时,说明你安装成功了,恭喜,恭喜!呵。
例:
PHP Version 5.2.8
System Linux server 2.6.26-1-686 #1 SMP Sat Jan 10 18:29:31 UTC 2009 i686
Build Date Feb 22 2009 05:08:57
Configure Command ‘./configure’ ‘–with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql’
‘–with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs’ ‘–with-gd’ ‘–with-zlib’
‘–with-gettext’ ‘–with-zlib-dir’ ‘–with-jpeg-dir’ ‘–enable-mbstring’
‘–with-iconv-dir’ ‘–with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql’
‘–prefix=/usr/local/php’
‘–with-config-file-path=/home/service/web/config/php/lib’
Server API Apache 2.0 Handler
Virtual Directory Support enabled
Configuration File (php.ini) Path /home/service/web/config/php/lib
Loaded Configuration File (none)
Scan this dir for additional .ini files (none)
4.安装phpMYadmin
server:/usr/local/mysql#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/phpmyadmin/phpMyAdmin/3.2.2/phpMyAdmin-3.2.2-all-languages.tar.gz?use_mirror=nchc
server:/usr/local/mysql#tar xvf phpMyAdmin-3.2.2-all-languages.tar.gz
server:/usr/local/mysql# mv phpMyAdmin-3.2.2-all-languages phpmyadmin
server:/usr/local/mysql# mv phpmyadmin /home/www/html/.
server:/usr/local/mysql# cd /home/www/html/
server:/usr/local/mysql#cd phpmyadmin/
server:/usr/local/mysql#cp libraries/config.default.php .
server:/usr/local/mysql#mv config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
附:
关于Mysql导入数据库文件最大限制2048KB的修改解决办法
引子:
今天为单片机信息网进行服务器空间的转移~~~先顺利将Mysql用phpmyadmin导出~~
然后在新服务器上建好数据库后,然后进行导入!可是因为数据库的Gzip文件大于2MB。所以在导入时就提示说超过2048K的错误不让导入….于是就引出了此文的解决办法,呵呵
解决办法:
1、打开php.ini。找到 upload_max_filesize 、 memory_limit 、 post_max_size 这三个参数!
(在默认的情况下,php只允许最大的上传数据为2M,也就是2048KB,而极限的最大使用内存memory_limit也仅为128M,Post的最大也为2M)
2、按您的服务器的实际性能配置进行如下改动:(注意:以下是按我的服务器性能有硬件配置进行的更改..)
upload_max_filesize = 8M (上传最大极限设定为8M,这个应该足够一般的文件WEB上传了)
memory_limit = 512M (因为服务器的内存为2GB,所以这里加到512M不过份吧,呵)
post_max_size = 8M (Post数据最大也设置为8MB,这个跟upload_max一样)
原创文章,转载请注明: 转载自PT Ubuntu Blog
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